{"id":12243,"date":"2019-10-01T11:07:20","date_gmt":"2019-10-01T09:07:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/catapa.be\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/"},"modified":"2019-10-01T11:26:22","modified_gmt":"2019-10-01T09:26:22","slug":"mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/","title":{"rendered":"Mijnbouw in Azuay: een David vs. Goliath verhaal"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Mijnbouw in Azuay: een David vs. Goliath verhaal\u00a0<\/b><\/h2>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]Azuay, een provincie in het Zuiden van Ecuador met Cuenca als historische en culturele provinciehoofdstad, groeide de laatste maanden snel uit tot een emblematische regio in de strijd tegen mijnbouw.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In het canton Gir\u00f3n, in de provincie Azuay, werd op 24 maart 2019 een volksraadpleging (<\/span>Consulta Popular<\/span><\/i>) georganiseerd over het grootschalige mijnbouwproject <\/span>Loma Larga<\/span><\/i>. Een historische gebeurtenis, want het was meteen het eerste lokale referendum in Ecuador over een mijnbouwactiviteit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tijdens de <\/span>Consulta Popular <\/span><\/i>in Gir\u00f3n, werd aan de inwoners gevraagd of zij al dan niet akkoord gingen met de ontginning van goud in de <\/span>P\u00e1ramo Kimsacocha<\/span><\/i>, gelegen in het nationaal park Cajas. De p\u00e1ramo is een kwetsbaar ecosysteem in het hooggebergte van de Andes dat van vitaal belang is voor de watervoorziening in de regio en in het land.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Het resultaat van de volksraadpleging was overtuigend! 87% van de gemeenschap verkoos water boven goud en zei \u201csi a la vida, no a la miner\u00eda\u201d. Een belangrijk precedent in Ecuador, want na deze overwinning probeerden andere provincies dit voorbeeld te volgen. Imbabura en Carchi, twee provincies in het noorden van Ecuador, dienden recent een aanvraag in tot Consulta Popular maar helaas werd dit door het Ecuadoriaanse Grondwettelijk Hof afgekeurd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ook op vlak van politiek leiderschap, is het belang van de provincie Azuay niet te onderschatten. In mei 2019 verkozen de inwoners Yaku P\u00e9rez Guartambel als nieuwe prefect. Hij leidt sindsdien de autonome regering van de provincie Azuay.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Yaku P\u00e9rez staat bekend om zijn sterke uitspraken tegen de mijnbouwsector en zijn ambitie om via legale weg – met name door het organiseren van volksraadplegingen – de provincie Azuay vrij te maken van metalen mijnbouw. Zo werd Yaku P\u00e9rez al snel een symboolfiguur in het land. <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”12228″ img_size=”full” add_caption=”yes” alignment=”center”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Een constitutioneel probleem\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Na de overwinning van het referendum in het canton Gir\u00f3n, riep Yaku P\u00e9rez op tot een algemene volksraadpleging over mijnbouwactiviteiten in de provincie Azuay. Deze vraag werd voorgelegd aan het Grondwettelijk Hof, maar keurde het verzoek, na een hoorzitting op 17 september 2019, af.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00e9rez liet duidelijk zijn ongenoegen blijken over de aard van de zitting. Volgens hem moet de voorzitter van het Hof een openbare hoorzitting houden alvorens een beslissing te nemen, zoals gebruikelijk is voor grondwettelijke kwesties. \u201cWe willen een publieke hoorzitting om de rechters in de ogen te kunnen kijken en te spreken vanuit het hart. Om op een feitelijke en juridische manier de noodzaak van een volksraadpleging aan te tonen.\u201d aldus P\u00e9rez. <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”12237″ img_size=”full” add_caption=”yes” alignment=”center”][vc_column_text]Bovendien zou er binnen het Hof sprake zijn van belangenvermenging. E\u00e9n van de grondwettelijke rechters, Dr. Ramiro Avila Santamaria, werd gewraakt en mocht niet deelnemen aan de zitting wegens eerdere uitspraken tegen extractivisme. Andere rechters, die duidelijk banden hebben met de mijnbouwsector, mochten dan weer wel deelnemen. Zo is rechter Carmen Corral advocate bij Solines Asociados, een advocatenkantoor dat advies en steun verleent aan mijnbouwbedrijven. Een andere rechter, Hilda Nugues, maakt deel uit van de bemiddelingscommissie van de Kamer van Koophandel van Guayaquil, die zich uitspreekt tegen het referendum.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Er wordt duidelijk enorme druk uitgeoefend door de nationale overheid en de grote multinationals. Er heerst grote ongerustheid over wat er in Gir\u00f3n is gebeurd en men vreest de uitkomst van dergelijke volksraadplegingen op provinciaal en nationaal niveau. <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”12234″ img_size=”full” add_caption=”yes” alignment=”center”][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Campagne tegen Yaku P\u00e9rez\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Niet geheel toevallig verspreidde de pro-mijnbouwsector op dezelfde dag als de hoorzitting, een campagne op Twitter waarin ze Yaku P\u00e9rez door het slijk haalden.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Er werd beweerd dat P\u00e9rez in de periode 1999-2000 mijnbouwconcessies zou hebben gehad omdat zijn naam werd teruggevonden in het mijnbouw register.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dit werd door Yaku P\u00e9rez al snel weerlegd. Hij zou indertijd als advocaat documenten ondertekend hebben voor de ontginning van zand en stenen voor constructiewerken in de provincie. Dit type ontginning komt ook voor in het register, maar het gaat hierbij niet over metalen mijnbouw.\u00a0<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

De strijd gaat verder\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Na de negatieve uitspraak van het Grondwettelijk Hof, kondigde P\u00e9rez aan het verzet op te drijven en een bredere deur te openen door een volksraadpleging te organiseren op nationaal niveau.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hij dringt erop aan om een Nationale Constitutionele Vergadering bijeen te roepen om het wetgevende schaakbord in Ecuador te herzien. De Ecuadoriaanse Grondwet erkent de Consulta Popular als een legaal burgerinitiatief. De mijnbouwsector en de Ecuadoriaanse overheid stellen echter dat lokaal overleg over mijnbouw niet kan, omdat de natuurlijke hulpbronnen in de ondergrond een zaak van nationaal belang zijn. <\/span><\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_single_image image=”12231″ img_size=”full” add_caption=”yes” alignment=”center”][vc_column_text]Bovendien stelt de grondwet dat de bevoegdheden van verschillende beleidsorganen niet exclusief, maar competitief zijn. \u201cU mag dan wel eigenaar zijn van wat in de ondergrond zit, maar u dient wel over de bodem te passeren,\u201d stelt advocate Ver\u00f3nica Potes, experte milieurecht en mensenrechten.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cHet is een strijd van David vs. Goliath\u201d, zegt Yaku P\u00e9rez, \u201cWe zijn met weinig, maar we hebben de waarheid, de rede en de legitimiteit in ons voordeel. We gaan door en stellen deze kwestie desnoods aan de kaak voor de internationale gerechtshoven.\u201d <\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Mijnbouw in Azuay: een David vs. Goliath verhaal\u00a0 [\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]Azuay, een provincie in het Zuiden van Ecuador met Cuenca als historische en culturele provinciehoofdstad, groeide de laatste maanden snel uit tot een emblematische regio in
Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":12231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[487,505,543,382,527],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecuador-nl","category-mijnbouw","category-minesterritory-nl","category-nieuws","category-rapport"],"yoast_head":"\nMijnbouw in Azuay: een David vs. Goliath verhaal - CATAPA vzw<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"nl_NL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mijnbouw in Azuay: een David vs. Goliath verhaal - CATAPA vzw\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Mijnbouw in Azuay: een David vs. Goliath verhaal\u00a0 [\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]Azuay, een provincie in het Zuiden van Ecuador met Cuenca als historische en culturele provinciehoofdstad, groeide de laatste maanden snel uit tot een emblematische regio inRead More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CATAPA vzw\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/catapa.belgium\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-01T09:07:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-01T09:26:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/catapa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ecuador-post-Kim2-min.jpeg?fit=1280%2C853&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"853\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Kim Baert\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@CATAPA_Belgica\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@CATAPA_Belgica\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Geschreven door\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Kim Baert\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Geschatte leestijd\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minuten\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Kim Baert\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/#\/schema\/person\/d9b1ebfe287b809d5eda95b411a416c1\"},\"headline\":\"Mijnbouw in Azuay: een David vs. Goliath verhaal\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-10-01T09:07:20+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-10-01T09:26:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/\"},\"wordCount\":937,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/catapa.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Ecuador-post-Kim2-min.jpeg?fit=1280%2C853&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"Ecuador\",\"Mijnbouw\",\"Mines&Territory\",\"Nieuws\",\"Rapport\"],\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/catapa.be\/nl\/mining-in-azuay-a-david-vs-goliath-story\/\",\"name\":\"Mijnbouw in Azuay: een David vs. Goliath verhaal - 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